1	NJDEP Regulations that impact or soon will impact agricultural operations. April 1, 2007 Horses 2007 Peter L. Kallin, Ph.D., P.W.S. Phone: 732-499-3600 Ext. 237 E-mail: pkallin@aesop.rutgers.edu www.water.rutgers.edu
2	New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) Regulations Freshwater Wetlands Rules [NJAC 7:7A] Regulate activities in and around freshwater wetlands: Placement of fill Construction of structures Disturbance of soils, vegetation, or drainage. Flood Hazard Control Act Rules [NJAC 7:13] “Stream Encroachment Rules” Regulate activities in flood plains and in and around streams New, more stringent rules proposed Oct. 2, 2006 Will go into effect this summer
3	Freshwater Wetlands in New Jersey Defined legally using 1989 Federal Manual: Hydrophytic “water loving” vegetation Hydric (poorly drained) soils Wetlands hydrology (water table within foot of surface for a week during growing season) Includes: Emergent marshes Freshwater Tidal Coastal Palustrine wetland forests/swamps Bogs/peatlands Wet meadows Riparian wetlands
4	Classification by “Resource Value” Exceptional Drain trout production waters Threatened and endangered species habitat 150 ft transition area or “buffer” Ordinary Smaller than 5000 sq ft, isolated, 50% developed Drainage ditches and swales Man-made detention basins in uplands No transition area Intermediate All others 50 ft transition area
5	What can you do without a permit? (NJAC 7:7A-2.2 - 2.8) Wetlands- Surveys, temporary structures <32 sq ft Hand trimming of vegetation Guy wire anchor or piling Transition areas Normal property maintenance (no herbicides) Pruning trees, shrubs, selective tree cutting Replacement of non-native plants with natives Planting of native species Maintenance of existing gardens (new ¼ ac) Maintenance of existing structures (prior 1989) Temporary structures <150 sq ft Agriculture, Ranching, and Silviculture Exemptions
6	Exemptions for “established, ongoing farming, ranching or silviculture” Continuous since June 30, 1988 Can lie fallow up to 5 years “Normal farming, silviculture, ranching activities” Plowing, seeding, cultivating, minor drainage, harvesting Minor drainage defined Maintenance of existing drainage tiles or ditches Removal of blockages but can’t increase cross-section Can drain moisture from uplands into wetlands Does not include construction of new canal, ditch, dike Cannot use “minor drainage” or plowing to convert wetlands to uplands
7	Additional exemptions Construction or maintenance of farm or stock ponds or irrigation ditches No change in use, must be used for farming Construction or maintenance of farm roads Must use Best Management Practices (BMPs) Cannot impair flow or circulation patterns
8	Flood Hazard Control Act Rules [NJAC 7:13] Regulate development, structures, fill, disturbance of floodway and flood fringe
9	Currently non-regulated in floodway Minor repair, maintenance, in-kind replacement of existing roads, bridges, culverts, retaining walls that don’t change footprint or cross-section Agricultural uses such as cultivation, pasture, grazing, outdoor plant nurseries, horticulture, viticulture, forestry, sod farming, wild crop harvesting, on-going farming operations Terracing, diversions, tile drains, grassed waterways, dug ponds when approved by NRCS Irrigation head gates when approved by County Agricultural Agent
10	Currently non-regulated in flood fringe Agricultural uses such as cultivation, pasture, grazing, fences, irrigation, outdoor plant nurseries, horticulture, viticulture, forestry, sod farming, wild crop harvesting, on-going farming operations, registered farming operations excluding structures Terracing, diversions, tile drains, grassed waterways, dug ponds when approved by NRCS Plastic covered greenhouses and other buildings without permanent foundation and fences associated with agriculture
11	Proposed New Flood Hazard Rules Published October 2, 2006, currently in comment review. Expected to be effective late summer Greater protection in Riparian Zone Introduces “permits-by-rule” for 46 regulated activities Activities are allowed but must meet conditions New agricultural General Permits
12	Riparian Zone [NJAC 7:13-4.1 and 10.2] 300 ft Category One waters and upstream tributaries in same HUC-14 watershed 150 ft Upstream tributaries (1 mi) to trout waters, certain T+E species, acid producing soils. 50 ft All other waters.
13	Permits by Rule [NJAC 7:13-7.2(f)] Continuation of existing, ongoing agricultural activities (includes grazing). Must be established as of October 2, 2006 No construction of structures or displacement of flood storage New agricultural activities No construction of structures or displacement of flood storage No vegetation cleared or removed in riparian zone except prior disturbed areas Soil conservation practices in flood fringe (ponds) Actively farmed as of October 2, 2006 Written approval of NRCS No disturbance within 25 ft of bank No vegetation cleared or removed in riparian zone except prior disturbed areas Replant with indigenous, non-invasive species
14	Permits by Rule [NJAC 7:13-7.2(f)] (cont.) 4. Construction of a building with no foundation in flood fringe on actively farmed land Footprint less than 1000 sq ft Agricultural use only, e.g., plastic covered greenhouse, farm stand, tool shed No disturbance within 25 ft of top of bank No vegetation cleared or removed in riparian zone except prior disturbed areas (e.g., lawns, gardens, parking areas) All vegetated areas temporarily disturbed must be replanted with indigenous, non-invasive species
15	New General Permits for Agriculture [NJAC 7:13-8.4] Must be on land that is actively farmed Must be solely intended for agriculture Must be approved and performed under the supervision of the USDA NRCS. No public notice but requires application to NJDEP Certification from NJ-licensed Engineer (P.E.) $500 application fee 45 day review time at NJDEP
16	Agricultural General Permits 2A: Soil erosion control, bank stabilization, restoration Bioengineering, vegetation wherever possible Chapter 16 of NRCS Field Manual No significant alteration of stream cross-section 2B: Removal of accumulated sediment and debris Can’t deepen natural bed or realign channel Minimize disturbance to riparian zone Work from one bank, not in channel Preserve trees on south and west 2C: Construction of farm road crossing No unset cement in water Headwalls, footers 3 ft deep No more than 25 ft width disturbed in riparian zone
17	Agricultural General Permits (cont.) 2D: Freshwater wetlands restoration Regulated water originates onsite Can’t adversely affect drainage on adjacent properties 2E: Creation of a ford for livestock Livestock currently cross regulated water Ford will reduce damage to stream channel and banks No trees removed in riparian zone At or below channel depth so flow not obstructed Path of disturbance no more than 20 ft 2F: Construction of a fence along or across water to limit livestock access to channel No trees removed in riparian zone Fence parallel to channel wherever possible Fence in floodway can’t obstruct or catch debris Can’t impede bank-full flow
18	Agricultural General Permits (cont.) 2G: Construction of a pump and/or water intake to provide water for livestock outside the channel No trees removed in riparian zone Fill within flood hazard zone minimized Can’t impede bank-full flow
19	Questions?? NJDEP Land Use Regulation (609) 633-6754 NJDEP Stream Encroachment (609) 984-0162
20	Christopher C. Obropta, Ph.D., P.E. Phone: 732-932-4917 E-mail: obropta@envsci.rutgers.edu Peter L. Kallin, Ph.D., P.W.S. Phone 609-499-3600 (Ext. 237) E-mail: kallin@aesop.rutgers.edu www.water.rutgers.edu